National
A precarious walk down the aisle
Developments in the battle for same-sex marriage rights took place in numerous places throughout the country last year.
• The State Supreme Court in Iowa in April unanimously overturned a statutory ban on same-sex marriage, granting marriage rights to same-sex couples there. It was the first unanimous decision from a court in support of same-sex marriage, and the first win for gay nuptials in America’s heartland.
• Shortly after, the Vermont Legislature overturned a veto from Gov. Jim Douglas (R) to pass a bill legalizing same-sex marriage. April’s vote in the Vermont State House was 100-49 and had exactly the number of affirmative votes needed to overturn the governor’s veto.
• In April, D.C. Mayor Adrian Fenty signed into law a bill allowing gay nuptials performed elsewhere to be recognized in the District. The victory gave way to more jubilation in December when Fenty signed into law a bill allowing same-sex marriages to be performed in D.C. The law is subject to a 30-day congressional review, but opponents are expected to find overturning the law difficult in a Democratic-controlled Congress. Still, Rep. Jason Chaffetz (R-Utah), ranking Republican of a House subcommittee with jurisdiction over D.C., has sworn to fight to repeal the law.
• In California, the State Supreme Court in May made a disheartening decision for supporters of gay nuptials when it upheld the constitutionality of Proposition 8, which bans same-sex marriage in the Golden State. The court noted, however, that same-sex marriages performed in California before the ban went into effect remain valid. Also in California, Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger (R) signed into law in October legislation clarifying that same-sex marriages performed elsewhere before Prop 8 passed would be considered valid marriages in the Golden State. For same-sex couples that married elsewhere after Prop 8 was passed, the law also grants the legal benefits of marriage without the nomenclature.
• Maine Gov. John Baldacci (D) signed into law in May legalization that provided marriage rights for same-sex couples there, making him the first governor in the country to sign same-sex marriage legislation into law. The victory was short-lived, however, as the Maine electorate in November approved by 53 percent a “people’s veto” repealing the law.
• In New Hampshire, Gov. John Lynch (D) in June signed into law a bill granting marriage rights for same-sex couples within the Granite State. The governor would only sign the legislation after lawmakers added language clarifying that religious organizations wouldn’t be forced to recognize the marriages.
• The New York Assembly twice this year passed legalization that would have allowed same-sex marriage in the Empire State, making it the largest in the country to have gay nuptials, but the State Senate rejected the bill in December, 24-38.
• In New Jersey, the legislature could this month vote on same-sex marriage, but the results are uncertain. The Senate Judiciary Committee in December reported out the bill, 7-6, but it’s questionable whether there are sufficient votes to pass the legislation on the Senate floor.
• Movement to expand rights for married same-sex couples also took place in Congress. In September, Rep. Jerrold Nadler (D-N.Y.) introduced the Respect for Marriage Act, which would repeal the Defense of Marriage Act and allow the federal government to recognize same-sex marriages. But key supporters on Capitol Hill have said other pro-LGBT bills would take priority, and Nadler recently said the DOMA repeal won’t happen next year.
• The advancement of same-sex marriage occurred abroad as far away as Sweden and Mexico. In April, the Swedish parliament legalized gay nuptials, making the country the fifth in Europe to pass a law allowing same-sex marriage. And in December, Mexico City also made history when city lawmakers passed a bill legalizing same-sex marriage within the municipality.
U.S. Supreme Court
Supreme Court to consider bans on trans athletes in school sports
27 states have passed laws limiting participation in athletics programs

The U.S. Supreme Court on Thursday agreed to hear two cases involving transgender youth challenging bans prohibiting them from participating in school sports.
In Little v. Hecox, plaintiffs represented by the ACLU, Legal Voice, and the law firm Cooley are challenging Idaho’s 2020 ban, which requires sex testing to adjudicate questions of an athlete’s eligibility.
The 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals described the process in a 2023 decision halting the policy’s enforcement pending an outcome in the litigation. The “sex dispute verification process, whereby any individual can ‘dispute’ the sex of any female student athlete in the state of Idaho,” the court wrote, would “require her to undergo intrusive medical procedures to verify her sex, including gynecological exams.”
In West Virginia v. B.P.J., Lambda Legal, the ACLU, the ACLU of West Virginia, and Cooley are representing a trans middle school student challenging the Mountain State’s 2021 ban on trans athletes.
The plaintiff was participating in cross country when the law was passed, taking puberty blockers that would have significantly reduced the chances that she could have a physiological advantage over cisgender peers.
“Like any other educational program, school athletic programs should be accessible for everyone regardless of their sex or transgender status,” said Joshua Block, senior counsel for the ACLU’s LGBTQ and HIV Project. “Trans kids play sports for the same reasons their peers do — to learn perseverance, dedication, teamwork, and to simply have fun with their friends,” Block said.
He added, “Categorically excluding kids from school sports just because they are transgender will only make our schools less safe and more hurtful places for all youth. We believe the lower courts were right to block these discriminatory laws, and we will continue to defend the freedom of all kids to play.”
“Our client just wants to play sports with her friends and peers,” said Lambda Legal Senior Counsel Tara Borelli. “Everyone understands the value of participating in team athletics, for fitness, leadership, socialization, and myriad other benefits.”
Borelli continued, “The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit last April issued a thoughtful and thorough ruling allowing B.P.J. to continue participating in track events. That well-reasoned decision should stand the test of time, and we stand ready to defend it.”
Shortly after taking control of both legislative chambers, Republican members of Congress tried — unsuccessfully — to pass a national ban like those now enforced in 27 states since 2020.
Federal Government
UPenn erases Lia Thomas’s records as part of settlement with White House
University agreed to ban trans women from women’s sports teams

In a settlement with the Trump-Vance administration announced on Tuesday, the University of Pennsylvania will ban transgender athletes from competing and erase swimming records set by transgender former student Lia Thomas.
The U.S. Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights found the university in violation of Title IX, the federal rights law barring sex based discrimination in educational institutions, by “permitting males to compete in women’s intercollegiate athletics and to occupy women-only intimate facilities.”
The statement issued by University of Pennsylvania President J. Larry Jameson highlighted how the law’s interpretation was changed substantially under President Donald Trump’s second term.
“The Department of Education OCR investigated the participation of one transgender athlete on the women’s swimming team three years ago, during the 2021-2022 swim season,” he wrote. “At that time, Penn was in compliance with NCAA eligibility rules and Title IX as then interpreted.”
Jameson continued, “Penn has always followed — and continues to follow — Title IX and the applicable policy of the NCAA regarding transgender athletes. NCAA eligibility rules changed in February 2025 with Executive Orders 14168 and 14201 and Penn will continue to adhere to these new rules.”
Writing that “we acknowledge that some student-athletes were disadvantaged by these rules” in place while Thomas was allowed to compete, the university president added, “We recognize this and will apologize to those who experienced a competitive disadvantage or experienced anxiety because of the policies in effect at the time.”
“Today’s resolution agreement with UPenn is yet another example of the Trump effect in action,” Education Secretary Linda McMahon said in a statement. “Thanks to the leadership of President Trump, UPenn has agreed both to apologize for its past Title IX violations and to ensure that women’s sports are protected at the university for future generations of female athletes.”
Under former President Joe Biden, the department’s Office of Civil Rights sought to protect against anti-LGBTQ discrimination in education, bringing investigations and enforcement actions in cases where school officials might, for example, require trans students to use restrooms and facilities consistent with their birth sex or fail to respond to peer harassment over their gender identity.
Much of the legal reasoning behind the Biden-Harris administration’s positions extended from the 2020 U.S. Supreme Court case Bostock v. Clayton County, which found that sex-based discrimination includes that which is based on sexual orientation or gender identity under Title VII rules covering employment practices.
The Trump-Vance administration last week put the state of California on notice that its trans athlete policies were, or once were, in violation of Title IX, which comes amid the ongoing battle with Maine over the same issue.
New York
Two teens shot steps from Stonewall Inn after NYC Pride parade
One of the victims remains in critical condition

On Sunday night, following the annual NYC Pride March, two girls were shot in Sheridan Square, feet away from the historic Stonewall Inn.
According to an NYPD report, the two girls, aged 16 and 17, were shot around 10:15 p.m. as Pride festivities began to wind down. The 16-year-old was struck in the head and, according to police sources, is said to be in critical condition, while the 17-year-old was said to be in stable condition.
The Washington Blade confirmed with the NYPD the details from the police reports and learned no arrests had been made as of noon Monday.
The shooting took place in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Manhattan, mere feet away from the most famous gay bar in the city — if not the world — the Stonewall Inn. Earlier that day, hundreds of thousands of people marched down Christopher Street to celebrate 55 years of LGBTQ people standing up for their rights.
In June 1969, after police raided the Stonewall Inn, members of the LGBTQ community pushed back, sparking what became known as the Stonewall riots. Over the course of two days, LGBTQ New Yorkers protested the discriminatory policing of queer spaces across the city and mobilized to speak out — and throw bottles if need be — at officers attempting to suppress their existence.
The following year, LGBTQ people returned to the Stonewall Inn and marched through the same streets where queer New Yorkers had been arrested, marking the first “Gay Pride March” in history and declaring that LGBTQ people were not going anywhere.
New York State Assemblywoman Deborah Glick, whose district includes Greenwich Village, took to social media to comment on the shooting.
“After decades of peaceful Pride celebrations — this year gun fire and two people shot near the Stonewall Inn is a reminder that gun violence is everywhere,” the lesbian lawmaker said on X. “Guns are a problem despite the NRA BS.”
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