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Study: Chronic diarrhea among top HIV/AIDS symptoms

Pharmaceutical company developed a drug to treat issue

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Josh Robbins is an HIV/AIDS advocate from Nashville, Tenn., who is using Mytesi, a medication that prevents chronic diarrhea in people with the virus. He spoke with the Washington Blade on Sept. 7, 2017, at the U.S. Conference on AIDS in D.C. (Washington Blade photo by Michael K. Lavers)

A study that a pharmaceutical company released earlier this month indicates chronic diarrhea is among the top symptoms from which people with HIV/AIDS suffer.

Napo Pharmaceuticals, which is a subsidiary of Jaguar Health, on Sept. 12 released the results of a survey of 271 board certified gastroenterologists in the U.S.

Ninety-three percent of the gastroenterologists who responded to the survey said they have people with HIV in their practice. The survey also found 84 percent of their patients said diarrhea ranks among their “top three complaints,” while 53 percent described diarrhea “is the number one complaint in HIV/AIDS patients.”

The survey found 65 percent of the respondents’ patients with diarrhea said the condition is “chronic.”

“While it’s typically not the main reason patients come to see me, frequently my patients with HIV inform me that they suffer from chronic diarrhea,” said Dr. Maurizio Bonacini, associate professor of clinical medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, in a press release that Napo Pharmaceuticals released.

Bonacini noted diarrhea “appears to be more common in patients who have been HIV-positive for several years” and is “most likely due to” the virus’ impact on the lining of the intestine.

“Diarrhea is a significant problem in many HIV patients, and unfortunately, they think there is nothing they can do and that they just have to live with it,” he said.

HIV/AIDS advocate: Anti-diarrhea medication ‘made me feel normal’

Diarrhea is among the serious side effects that antiretroviral drugs cause in people with HIV who are on them.

Napo last October launched Mytesi, a drug that seeks to provide long-term diarrhea relief in people with the virus. It is the only antidiarrheal drug for people with HIV in the U.S. and has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration.

Jaguar Health President Lisa Conte in a press release notes the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates more than 70 percent of Americans with HIV will be at least 50 by 2020. She also said chronic diarrhea “remains a significant, under-reported complaint of HIV/AIDS patients, and it is a problem that will increase significantly as the HIV+ population gets older.”

Josh Robbins — an HIV/AIDS advocate and educator from Nashville, Tenn. — is taking Mytesi to prevent chronic diarrhea. He told the Washington Blade on Sept. 7 during an interview at the U.S. Conference on AIDS at the Marriot Marquis Hotel in downtown Washington that he “didn’t know it was an issue” when he received his HIV diagnosis in 2012.

“I knew that it was an issue for me, but I didn’t know it was an issue (for people with HIV),” said Robbins. “I just thought this is something that I have to live with.”

Robbins told the Blade that one of his doctors told him the same thing. He said another doctor told him “diarrhea’s not an issue” when he told him that he had begun working with Napo Pharmaceuticals to promote Mytesi.

“I’m like ok . . . you’re not in the bathroom with me,” said Robbins. “I said ok, well I really want to try this drug so I’m either going to get it from you or order it from India or something.”

Robbins told the Blade that he once had to reschedule a doctor’s appointment because diarrhea forced him to use the bathroom.

“They made me reschedule my appointment because I wasn’t there,” he said. “I was literally in the bathroom shitting.”

His doctor prescribed him Mytesi after a test determined he did not have infectious diarrhea. Robbins told the Blade he “really didn’t see a difference” in the first couple of weeks.

“Then it was just like a light switch,” he said. “It started going away. It wasn’t this remarkable moment. It just made me feel normal.”

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Health

UNAIDS to commemorate Zero Discrimination Day’s 10th anniversary

UN agency urges global action to protect human rights

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A UNAIDS anti-discrimination exhibit at Tocumen International Airport in Panama in 2018. (Washington Blade photo by Michael K. Lavers)

As the world marks the 10th anniversary of Zero Discrimination Day; UNAIDS is sounding the alarm on the increasing threats to human rights, calling for renewed efforts to protect the rights of all individuals as a fundamental step towards ensuring health for everyone.

Established by UNAIDS a decade ago, Zero Discrimination Day aims to promote equality and fairness regardless of gender, age, sexuality, ethnicity or HIV status. The progress achieved over the past years is now in jeopardy, however, due to rising attacks on the rights of women, LGBTQ people and other marginalized communities.

UNAIDS Executive Director Winnie Byanyima emphasized the critical link between protecting human rights and safeguarding public health. 

“The attacks on rights are a threat to freedom and democracy and are harmful to health,” she said in a press release. “Stigma and discrimination obstruct HIV prevention, testing, treatment and care and hold back progress towards ending AIDS by 2030. It is only by protecting everyone’s rights that we can protect everyone’s health.”

Despite challenges, there has been notable progress. 

At the onset of the AIDS pandemic more than 40 years ago, two-thirds of countries criminalized consensual same-sex sexual relations. They are now decriminalized in two-thirds of countries. An additional 38 countries around the world have pledged to end HIV-related stigma and discrimination, contributing to positive changes that include 50 million more girls attending school compared to 2015.

To sustain and enhance these advancements; UNAIDS urges global support for women’s rights movements, LGBTQ rights, racial justice, economic justice, climate justice and peace initiatives. By standing with communities advocating for their rights, the U.N. aims to reinforce the collective effort towards a more inclusive and equitable world.

Zero Discrimination Day is observed on March 1.

Events and activities that will take place around the world throughout the month will serve as reminders of the essential lesson and call to action: Protecting everyone’s health is synonymous with protecting everyone’s rights.

“Through upholding rights for all, we will be able to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals and secure a safer, fairer, kinder and happier world — for everyone,” said Byanyima.

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New CDC report finds transgender women at higher risk for HIV

More than 1,600 people in seven cities surveyed

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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta (Photo courtesy of the CDC)

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a new study report this week that revealed that restricted by employment and housing discrimination and lack of access to needed gender-affirming healthcare for transgender women increasing the risk of contracting HIV. 

Researchers reviewed data from a 2019-2020 survey, the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Among Transgender Women, which found that the demographics of HIV/AIDS have been disproportionally high, especially among Black and Latina trans women, who had experienced employment and housing discrimination coupled with lack of access to gender-affirming healthcare.

The Jan. 25 Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report was based on data studies of more than 1,600 trans women in seven major urban locales. Participants from Atlanta, Los Angeles, New Orleans, New York, Philadelphia, San Francisco and Seattle were chosen by referrals from people and community-based organizations who knew or were part of the local population of trans women.

The study’s researchers noted: “Employment discrimination occurs at the overlapping nexus of poverty, homelessness, incarceration, health insurance, disability, food insecurity and survival sex work. These issues are interconnected.”

The study stated that trans women’s inability to access quality healthcare, including gender-affirming treatment or access to PrEP, and can expose them to potential incarceration as many turn to “survival sex work” and violence, which increases the risk of contracting HIV. 

The study’s author’s pointed out: “When economically marginalized transgender women are refused employment, this refusal cyclically contributes to economic hardships. This analysis …demonstrates the importance of transgender women working and living with dignity and without fear of unfair treatment.”

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Health

A Whole New Perspective on Well-Being

The Mather’s team recognizes that everyone’s wellness journey is completely unique to their life experiences and influences.

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The Mather is incorporating biophilic design—a design approach to facilitate access to nature or things that replicate natural patterns.

It’s easy to spot the distinctive, elegant silhouette of The Mather, a Life Plan Community for those 62+ opening this spring in Tysons, Virginia. What is not apparent to the naked eye is The Mather’s unique wellness philosophy, which is literally built into the community. 

The Mather’s team recognizes that everyone’s wellness journey is completely unique to their life experiences and influences.

Nature is one of the important factors that contribute to well-being. So The Mather is incorporating biophilic design—a design approach to facilitate access to nature or things that replicate natural patterns. This can include interior spaces with sightlines to a garden, choosing natural wood and stone as interior materials, or incorporating fragrant flowers and plants indoors to spark memories and provide tactile opportunities such as gardening. 

Residents of The Mather will be able to select from plentiful amenities, programs, and other offerings to target their personal wellness goals and preferences.

“Providing biophilic design within interior settings connects residents to the natural world,” says Mary Leary, CEO and President of Mather, the organization behind The Mather. “Research shows that a connection to nature provides positive benefits to mental states and overall well-being. At The Mather, biophilic design is the intersection of buildings and programs with nature in an urban setting.”

“The Mather is attracting a diverse group of older adults,” says Mary. “As a result, we aim to incorporate wellness practices from around the world, including Wyda movement theory of the Celtic Druids, which helps people achieve harmony with nature and contentment through mindfulness.” This holistic regenerative approach is similar to Qi Gong and yoga, while born in a different part of the world. Mather Institute has a special focus on mindfulness to support older adults’ practice of present moment awareness, which can lead to increased overall well-being, compassion, and joy.

A very different example of a wellness offering at The Mather is the Gharieni Welnamis spa wave bed, which uses computer-controlled vibrational therapy and audio frequencies to train the brain to relax. “The bed increases mindfulness, concentration, and creativity—all of which support our mission of creating Ways to Age Well,SM” says Mary.

These and other personalized ways to wellness will ensure that residents of The Mather can choose from seemingly countless ways to focus on their well-being. In other words, the sky’s the limit!

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