Africa
New guidebook seeks to sensitize Kenyan judges on LGBTQ rights
Advocacy group and jurist coalition co-authored publication
An LGBTQ rights organization and a coalition of jurists in Kenya have unveiled a judicial guidebook to help judges better protect queer people’s rights.
The Initiative for Equality and Non-Discrimination and the Kenya Judges and Magistrates Association consider the use of the book in Kenyan courts as a milestone in realizing LGBTQ rights.
The book, titled “A Legal Resource Guide on Implementing LGBTIQ+ Human Rights in Kenya”, cites endless discrimination and legal challenge against queer persons because of their sexual orientation, gender identity or expression.
It details dozens of court cases and rulings in favor of LGBTQ petitioners from across Africa and abroad for Kenyan judges to adopt in their rulings for queer people to enjoy the same rights as their heterosexual counterparts when seeking justice.
“By providing details on past cases and the jurisprudence employed in them, the bench book displays how cases involving these minorities are handled, argued and settled. This black-and-white approach can, in turn, help set different criteria moving forward,” part of the 122-page book reads.
The Initiative for Equality and Non-Discrimination and the Kenya Judges and Magistrates Association since 2021 have trained more than 135 jurists across the country on protecting the rights of LGBTQ persons in their ruling.
High Court Judge Edward Muriithi, the Kenya Judges and Magistrates Association’s public secretary who presided over its launch on Oct. 13, described the book as “an eye-opener” for judicial officers to handle and enforce matters related to minority rights in courts with “an open mind.”
Muriithi also acknowledged the existence of LGBTQ people in society and noted they also deserve to enjoy human dignity, rights and freedoms as the constitution’s Bill of Rights affords.
Mumbua Matheka, another High Court judge who forwarded the book, considers it valuable reference material for her and other judicial officers who struggle with what she terms as “our moral judgements” in hearing LGBTQ cases.
“It will help us to see practically what our colleagues in this jurisdiction and others have done when members of this community come into contact with the law or seek justice in any of its many forms from the courts,” stated Matheka.
She notes tit is their duty as judicial officers to uphold Article 27 of Kenya’s constitution that prohibits any form of discrimination against anyone by any person or the state.
Opposition MP Peter Kaluma, who has sponsored a tougher anti-homosexuality bill that awaits introduction in the House, sharply criticized the Kenya Judges and Magistrates Association for its involvement with the book.
“Several judges and magistrates in Kenya are recruited by homosexual groups to normalize homosexual/LGBTQ perversion in Kenya through the courts,” Kaluma said. “Already 135 Kenyan judicial officers trained, a guide on homosexuality launched for courts!”
Muriithi and Matheka’s support for the queer community’s rights comes amid a series of anti-LGBTQ protests in some parts of the country that include Nairobi, the Kenyan capital, and Mombasa that religious leaders and politicians have organized to denounce homosexuality.
The homophobic protests are in response to last month’s Supreme Court ruling that affirmed its February judgment to allow the National Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission to register as a non-governmental organization.
Clerics and politicians during the protests have been demanding the resignation of three judges, including Deputy Chief Justice Philomena Mwilu who ruled in support of the National Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission.
Kenya’s constitution only recognizes consensual opposite-sex relations under Article 45 while Section 162 of the penal code criminalizes consensual same-sex relations.
Mohamed Ali, an MP from the ruling party who is a vocal anti-LGBTQ critic, is among politicians who are leading the protests. He has vowed protesters remain steadfast in the fight against homosexuality to protect Kenya from the ploy of “any foreign power.”
“We call for the three judges that passed this morally and ethically flawed ruling to apologize, reverse, or resign from their positions,” Ali said. “The filth of homosexuality has no room in our beloved country.”
An LGBTQ rights group in Mombasa, however, has sued Police Inspector General Japhet Koome over the protests and wants the court to ban on them in the country for promoting incitement and hate.
Initiative for Equality and Non-Discrimination Executive Director Esther Adhiambo attributes the discrimination and hostility against the queer community in Kenya to existing gaps in the constitution on the protection of sexual and gender minorities’ rights, social justice and inclusion.
“We therefore took it upon ourselves to create a bench book that would facilitate the wider adoption of practices prohibiting discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity or expression,” Adhiambo stated.
Although some lobby groups and activists have lauded the Kenyan courts for issuing judgments that favor the LGBTQ community, Adhiambo lamented the systemic lack of fairness for queer persons to get justice. She, therefore, called for more civic education for homophobic Kenyans to embrace diversity and non-discrimination against the LGBTQ community in society.
Adhiambo expressed optimism the new book will inspire and embolden judicial officers to perform their duties independently to also protect the rights of queer persons against stigma, discrimination and homophobia.
Egypt
Iran, Egypt object to playing in Seattle World Cup ‘Pride Match’
Game to take place on June 26
Iran and Egypt have objected to playing in a “Pride Match” that will take place in Seattle during the 2026 World Cup.
The Egyptian Football Association on Tuesday said it told FIFA Secretary General Mattias Grafström in a letter that “it categorically rejects holding any activities related to supporting (homosexuality) during the match between the Egyptian national team and Iran, scheduled to be held in Seattle, USA, on June 26, 2026, in the third round of the group stage of the 2026 World Cup.” Football Federation Islamic Republic of Iran President Mehdi Taj told ISNA, a semi-official Iranian news agency that both his country and Egypt “protested this issue.”
The 2026 World Cup will take place in the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. The draw took place at the Kennedy Center on Dec. 5.
Iran is among the handful of countries in which consensual same-sex sexual relations remain punishable by death.
The State Department’s 2023 human rights report notes that while Egyptian law “did not explicitly criminalize consensual same-sex sexual activity, authorities regularly arrested and prosecuted LGBTQI+ persons on charges including ‘debauchery,’ prostitution, and ‘violating family values.’” Egyptian authorities “also reportedly prosecuted LGBTQI+ individuals for ‘misuse of social media.’”
“This resulted in de facto criminalization of same-sex conduct and identity,” notes the report.
The 2024 human rights report the State Department released earlier this year did not include LGBTQ-specific references.
Soccer has ‘unique power to unite people across borders, cultures, and beliefs’
The June 26 match between Iran and Egypt coincides with Seattle Pride. The Washington Post reported the Seattle FIFA World Cup 2026 Local Organizing Committee decided to hold the “Pride Match” before last week’s draw.
“As the Local Organizing Committee, SeattleFWC26’s role is to prepare our city to host the matches and manage the city experience outside of Seattle Stadium,” said SeattleFWC26 Vice President of Communications Hana Tadesse in a statement the committee sent to the Washington Blade on Wednesday. “SeattleFWC26 is moving forward as planned with our community programming outside the stadium during Pride weekend and throughout the tournament, partnering with LGBTQ+ leaders, artists, and business owners to elevate existing Pride celebrations across Washington.”
“Football has a unique power to unite people across borders, cultures, and beliefs,” added Tadeese. “The Pacific Northwest is home to one of the nation’s largest Iranian-American communities, a thriving Egyptian diaspora, and rich communities representing all nations we’re hosting in Seattle. We’re committed to ensuring all residents and visitors experience the warmth, respect, and dignity that defines our region.”
The 2034 World Cup will take place in Saudi Arabia.
Consensual same-sex sexual relations remain punishable by death in the country. The 2022 World Cup took place in neighboring Qatar, despite concerns over the country’s anti-LGBTQ rights record.
Eswatini
PEPFAR delivers first doses of groundbreaking HIV prevention drug to two African countries
Lenacapavir now available in Eswatini and Zambia.
The State Department on Tuesday announced PEPFAR has delivered the first doses of a groundbreaking HIV prevention drug to two African countries.
The lenacapavir doses arrived in Eswatini and Zambia.
The State Department in September unveiled an initiative with Gilead Sciences to bring lenacapavir “to market in high-burden HIV countries.”
Lenacapavir users inject the drug twice a year.
The State Department in its September announcement noted everyone who participated in Gilead’s clinical trials remained HIV negative. It also said lenacapavir “has the potential to be particularly helpful for pregnant and breastfeeding mothers, as it safely protects them during and after pregnancy to prevent mother-to-child transmission.”
“In our new America First Global Health Strategy, the Department of State is establishing a first-of-its-kind innovation fund to support American-led research, market-shaping, and other dynamic advancements in global health,” said PEPFAR on Tuesday in a press release.
“The arrivals of the first doses of lenacapavir in Eswatini and Zambia mark an important milestone in HIV prevention and reflect our commitment to supporting communities with the greatest need,” added Gilead CEO Daniel O’Day. “For the first time, a new HIV medicine is reaching communities in sub-Saharan Africa in the same year as its U.S. approval.”
The September announcement came against the backdrop of widespread criticism over the Trump-Vance administration’s reported plans to not fully fund PEPFAR and to cut domestic HIV/AIDS funding. The Washington Blade has previously reported PEPFAR-funded programs in Kenya and other African countries have been forced to curtail services or even close because of U.S. funding cuts.
Botswana
The first courageous annual Palapye Pride in Botswana
Celebration was a beginning rooted in courage, community, and love.
“When the sun rose on 1 Nov., 2025, Pride morning in Palapye, the open space where the march was scheduled to begin was empty. I stood there trying to look calm, but inside, my chest felt tight. I was worried that no one would come. It was the first-ever Pride in Palapye, a semi-urban village where cultural norms, religious beliefs, and tradition are deeply woven into everyday life.
I kept asking myself if we were being naive. Maybe people weren’t ready. Perhaps fear was going to win. For the first 30 minutes, it was me, a couple of religious leaders and a handful of parents. That was it. The silence was loud, and every second felt like it stretched into hours. I expected to see the queer community showing up in numbers, draped in color and excitement. Instead, only the wind was moving.
But slowly, gently, just like courage often arrives, people started to show up with a rainbow flag appearing from behind a tree and a hesitant wave from someone standing at a distance.
That’s when I understood that people weren’t late, just that they were afraid. And their fear made sense. Showing up openly in a small community like Palapye is a radical act. It disrupts silence. It challenges norms. It forces visibility. Visibility is powerful, but it is never easy. We marched with courage, pulling from the deepest parts of ourselves. We marched with laughter that cracked through the tension. We marched not because it was easy, but because it was necessary,” narrates activist Seipone Boitshwarelo from AGANG Community Network, which focuses on families and friends of LGBTIQ+ people in Botswana. She is also a BW PRIDE Awards nominee for the Healing and Justice Award, a category which acknowledges contributions to wellness, mental health, and healing for the LGBTIQ+ community across Botswana.
Queer Pride is Botswana Pride!
Pride is both a celebration and a political statement. It came about as a response to systemic oppression, particularly the criminalization and marginalization of LGBTIQ+ people globally, including in Botswana at some point. It is part of the recognition, equality, and assertion of human rights. It also reminds us that liberation and equality are not automatically universal, and continued activism is necessary. A reminder of the famous saying by Fannie Lou Hamer, “Nobody is free until everybody’s free.”
The 2023 Constitutional Review process made one thing evident, which is that Botswana still struggles to acknowledge the existence of LGBTIQ+ people as full citizens. Instead of creating a democratic space for every voice, the process sidelined and erased an entire community. In Bradley Fortuin’s analysis of the Constitutional review and its final report, he highlighted how this erasure directly contradicts past court decisions that explicitly affirmed the right of LGBTIQ+ people to participate fully and openly in civic life. When the state chooses to ignore court orders and ignore communities, it becomes clear that visibility must be reclaimed through alternative means. This is why AGANG Community Network embarked on Palapye Pride. It is a radical insistence on belonging, rooted in community and strengthened through intersectionality with families, friends, and allies who refuse to let our stories be erased.
Motho ke motho ka batho!
One of the most strategic decisions made by the AGANG Community Network was to engage parents, religious leaders, and local community members, recognizing their value in inclusion and support. Thus, their presence in the march was not symbolic, but it was intentional.
Funding for human rights and LGBTIQ+ advocacy has been negatively impacted since January 2025, and current funding is highly competitive, uneven and scarce, especially for grassroots organizations in Botswana. The Palapye Pride event was not funded, but community members still showed up and donated water, a sound system, and someone even printed materials. This event happened because individuals believed in its value and essence. It was a reminder that activism is not always measured in budgets but in willingness and that “motho ke motho ka batho!” (“A person is a person because of other people!”).
Freedom of association for all
In March 2016, in the the Attorney General of Botswana v. Rammoge and 19 Others case, also known as the LEGABIBO registration case, the Botswana Court of Appeal stated that “members of the gay, lesbian, and transgender community, although no doubt a small minority, and unacceptable to some on religious or other grounds, form part of the rich diversity of any nation and are fully entitled in Botswana, as in any other progressive state, to the constitutional protection of their dignity.” Freedom of association, assembly, and expression is a foundation for civic and democratic participation, as it allows all citizens to organize around shared interests, raise their collective voice, and influence societal and cultural change, as well as legislative reform.
The Botswana courts, shortly after in 2021, declared that criminalizing same-sex sexual relations is unconstitutional because they violated rights to privacy, liberty, dignity, equality, and nondiscrimination. Despite these legal wins, social stigma, cultural, and religious opposition continue to affect the daily lived experience of LGBTIQ+ people in Botswana.
The continuation of a declaration
AGANG Community Network is committed to continuing this work and creating safe and supportive spaces for LGBTIQ+ people, their families, friend, and allies. Pride is not just a day of fun. It is a movement, a declaration of queer existence and recognition of allyship. It is healing and reconciliation while amplifying queer joy.
Seipone Boitshwarelo is a feminist, activist, social justice healer, and founder of AGANG Community Network. Bradley Fortuin is a social justice activist and a consultant at the Southern Africa Litigation Center.
