News
Court: Trans inmate must receive gender reassignment surgery
Panel says denying procedure to prisoner cruel and unusual punishment

The First Circuit Court of Appeals ruled a trans inmate must receive gender reassignment surgery. (Image via wikimedia)
A federal appeals court ruled on Friday that a transgender inmate incarcerated for murdering her spouseĀ must receive taxpayer-funded gender reassignment surgery that was prescribed by her doctors.
In a 2-1 decision, a three-judge panel on the First Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that denying the procedure toĀ Michelle Kosilek, who was sentenced to life in prison for murdering his spouse in 1990, amounts to cruel and unusual punishment under the Eight Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
The 90-page ruling was written by U.S. Circuit Judge Ojetta Rogeriee Thompson, an Obama appointee, who asserted the Massachusetts Department of Corrections denied Kosilek essential medical care by withholding from her gender reassignment surgery.
“Those findings ā that Kosilek has a serious medical need for the surgery, and that the DOC refuses to meet that need for pretextual reasons unsupported by legitimate penological considerations ā mean that the DOC has violated Kosilek’s Eighth Amendment rights,” Thompson writes.
The ruling upholds a decision fromĀ U.S. District Judge Mark Wolf in 2012 assertingĀ Kosilek has a right to gender reassignment surgery. The decision was controversial ā even among progressive leaders. Then-U.S. Senate candidate Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.) said she didn’t think the surgery was a good use of taxpayer dollars.
Transgender rights groups lauded the decision from the First Circuit on the basis that prisoners ā even those who are transgender ā have a right to medical care during their incarceration.
Mara Keisling, executive director of the National Center for Transgender Rights, said the ruling “affirms the increasing consensus among the courts” that transgender-related health care is a right protected under the Constitution.
“Prisoner or not, people should have access to the healthcare they need,” Keisling said. “For some of us, that means sex reassignment surgery. While we celebrate today’s ruling, we know there’s more advocacy needed to ensure that allĀ transgenderĀ people have access to basic and necessary healthcare.”
Ilona Turner, legal director for the Transgender Law Center, said the First Circuit ruling upholds a constitutional right to essential medical treatment in prison.
“It is well established that the failure to provide essential medical care to people in prison is unconstitutional and amounts to torture,” Turner said. “This decision affirms that we as a society do not allow people to be tortured when they are in government custody.”
Afflicted with drug and alcohol problems at an early age,Ā Kosilek in 1992 was sentenced to life in prison after strangling her spouse Cheryl McCaul, a volunteer counselor at a drug rehabilitation facility. The incident took place after McCaul caught Kosilek wearing her clothing.
KosilekĀ is serving her sentence inĀ MCI-Norfolk, a medium security male prison, where she legally changed her name from Robert to Michelle.Ā SheĀ must receive gender reassignment surgery through taxpayer-provided funds because, as an inmate in prison, she lacks access to her own finances for the procedure.
The estimated cost for male-to-female reassignment is $7,000 to $24,000. A footnote in the First Circuit decision notes that figure “pales inĀ comparison to the amount of money it seems the state will beĀ expending to defend this lawsuit.”
U.S. Circuit JudgeĀ Juan Torruella, a Reagan appointee who wrote the dissent in the decision, said he doesn’t find any reason to require Massachusetts to provide gender reassignment surgery to Kosilek when other treatments are available.
“[G]iving due consideration to countervailing security concerns and based on a review of the record that shows the DOC’s proposed care was not outside the realm of professionalism, I cannot say that the DOC has failed to adequately care for Kosilek’s GID or callously ignored her pain,”Ā Torruella writes.
The decision could be appealed to the full First Circuit or the U.S. Supreme Court. The office of Massachusetts Attorney General Martha Coakley declined to comment on the next steps in the lawsuit.
Cara Savelli, a spokesperson for the Massachusetts Department of Correction, said the court ruling is under review.
“We are closely reviewing the lengthy decision issued today by the First Circuit Court of Appeals on this matter to determine next steps,” Savelli said.
District of Columbia
DC Trans Picnics event brings trans community together
Allied groups participated in March 22 gathering in Malcolm X Park

DC Trans Picnics on March 22 held a gathering in Malcolm X Park to celebrate joy and networking in the cityās transgender community ahead of Transgender Day of Visibility.
DC Trans Picnics is a collective known for offering space for trans and gender nonconforming members of the local queer community to spend time with and connect with one another. The March 22 event was geared specifically to BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, and People of Color) individuals to help them connect with those of similar and different cultures, but anyone was allowed to come and celebrate if invited.
The gathering itself was not just one of sharing food, laughs, games and music, but a bolstering of the network of organizations, resources, and collectives in the community.
One of the volunteers for the event gave the Washington Blade a statement about some of the resources DC Trans Picnics offers in order to help as many trans people as possible. These efforts specifically target trans women who are early in their transition by connecting them with organizations that help people who are at risk of homelessness, voice training resources, and message boards with information about other resources.
Another event volunteer was a member of the Metro DC DSA, a group founded on achieving bodily autonomy and reproductive justice for queer and trans people in the DMV.
āIt’s still TDOV, but it’s Trans Day vision instead of visibility.ā the volunteer told the Blade. āThe idea with that one is that trans people have a hypervisibility right now. Like nobody hasn’t heard of trans people or like, doesn’t know, not trans people.ā
āThatās not the problem. The problem is that people don’t know the problem is they can’t see us. We’re trying to get the focus on instead of being seen, it’s about seeing trans peopleās vision and like and shifting the perspective from like, instead of looking at us to looking with us.ā
The Trans Day of Vision is taking place on Sunday, the day before Trans Day of Visibility.
Metro DC DSA is holding the event at Malcolm X Park. The group received permission to alter and use the TDOV acronym from Rachel Crandall, who founded the Trans Day of Visibility.
āTrans people actually have something unique to contribute,ā the Metro DC USA volunteer said. āOur vision as a society and where we think we’re going and that trans people just because of our lived experiences, we know how to take the situation as it seems to be and say I don’t want that. There is so much need, demand, energy, and enthusiasm for change in our society, and trans people know what that feels like to know that they feel like things have to change.ā
Other groups aside from Metro DC USA attended the event in solidarity. They include Lavender Evolutions, a BIPOC group focused on expanding their work from helping lesbian community members to supporting trans and nonconforming people in the area.
āThis inclusionary event has encouraged queer and trans POC to come out and celebrate together.ā said a Lavender Evolutions member.
The group aims to continue to work with DC Trans Picnics to help bring more events that promote unity for BIPOC members of the community to avoid any whitewashing in the future.
Another group that participated is the DC Area Transmasculine Society or DCATS, a support network that aims to provide transmasculine people in the D.C. area with resources about which they may otherwise not know in this political climate. Apart from providing binders, resources on homelessness, mutual aid networks, and other beneficial services, DCATS was taking any and all recommendations for resources that would benefit transmasculine people.Ā
DC Trans Picnics can be found on Instagram at @dctranspicnics.
Federal Government
Trump ‘culture war’ complicates HUD’s distribution of $3.6B in housing grants
Senate Dems call for new agreements

The disbursement of more than $3.6 billion in federal grants to housing providers has been paused for weeks while the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development seeks to condition receipt of the funding on compliance with President Donald Trump’s executive actions targeting DEI and transgender and immigrant communities.
March 4 was the statutory deadline for the agency to distribute the funds, which come through the Continuum of Care Program in support of local governments and nonprofit organizations working to promote “a community-wide commitment to the goal of ending homelessness.”
On March 13, a group of Senate Democrats led by U.S. Sens. Adam Schiff (Calif.) and Tina Smith (Minn.) wrote to HUD Secretary Scott Turner urging him to move quickly on distributing the grants and warning of the consequences that recipients are now facing and the harm they will encounter in the future if delays persist.
“To keep the lights on, providers are now being forced to draw on lines of credit at significant cost and risk to their organizations,” the senators said. “These projects enable homeless service providers to help veterans, families with children, youth, seniors, and vulnerable individuals access permanent and temporary housing, crisis counseling, and other supportive services.ā
HUD subsequently disseminated grant agreements ā and Schiff published an example on his office’s website ā that included, among other provisions, language stipulating that the awardee (1) “shall not use grant funds to promote ‘gender ideology,’ as defined in E.O. 14168, Defending Women from Gender Ideology Extremism and Restoring Biological Truth to the Federal Government,” (2) certifies that it does not operate any programs promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion that violate any applicable Federal anti-discrimination laws, and (3) agrees not to use “that funding in a manner that by design or effect facilitates the subsidization or promotion of illegal immigration or abets so-called ‘sanctuary’ policies that seek to shield illegal aliens from deportation.”
On March 14, the 4th U.S. Court of Appeals stayed a nationwide injunction enjoining three parts of Trump’s executive order on DEI, and the following day, HUD rescinded the CoC contracts and said to expect new agreements within a week as the agency was “working to revise its CoC grant agreements to be consistent with Federal law and compliant with applicable court orders.”
Schiff then led a second letter to Turner on March 19 with the Senate Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer (N.Y.) and U.S. Sens. Alex Padilla (D-Calif.), Martin Heinrich (D-N.M.), Ron Wyden (D-Ore.), Mazie Hirono (D- Hawaii), and Richard Blumenthal (Conn.).
“We urge the department to immediately issue new CoC grant agreements consistent with longstanding practiceā free of the aforementioned conditionsā to ensure all individuals experiencing homelessness receive protection and support, regardless of gender identity, location, or other characteristics,” they said, requesting a response by March 31.
“The initial FY2024 grant agreements issued to CoC funding recipients contained new requirements that are deeply problematic, and likely unlawful, requirements,” the senators argued. “These mandates, such as barring shelters from serving transgender people, prohibiting DEI initiatives, and certifying that they do not support ‘sanctuary’ policies protecting noncitizens, conflict with federal civil rights, fair housing, and immigration laws, raising serious legal and constitutional concerns.”
The lawmakers noted “the harm caused by these delayed and unfulfilled CoC grant agreements will fall disproportionately on our most vulnerable populations, including women, families with children, youth, veterans, survivors of domestic and intimate partner violence, people with disabilities, and LGBTQ+ individuals.” They added, “Women experiencing homelessness ā many of whom are fleeing domestic abuse ā already face significant barriers to safety and stability, and restricting access to critical housing services will only further endanger their lives and well-being.”
Citing research that nearly one in three transgender Americans has experiences homelessness in their lives, Schiff and his colleagues stressed that “Transgender and nonbinary people in the U.S. face significant barriers to securing safe housing, with many experiencing homelessness and high rates of mistreatment and violence in shelters.”
With respect to the language in the agreements about “sanctuary” policies, the senators wrote “The organizations receiving CoC funds exist to provide critical, non-discriminatory aid to those in need, regardless of their immigration status. These organizations do not set or enforce immigration policy ā they simply fulfill their legal duty to provide life-saving and life-changing care.”
Later on March 19, HUD began issuing new contracts that did not contain the provision concerning DEI but did include the same language about “gender ideology” and “sanctuary” policies.
India
LGBTQ poets included in Indiaās premier literary festival
Sahitya Akademi seen as mirror of governmentās cultural agenda

Indiaās premier literary institution on March 7 announced it would allow LGBTQ poets to participate in its marquee Festival of Letters in New Delhi.
The Sahitya Akademi, often seen as a mirror of the governmentās cultural agenda, for the first time allowed these poets into a high-profile poetry reading at the Rabindra Bhavan. They shared the stage with more than 700 writers across 50 languages.
Culture and Tourism Minister Gajendra Singh Shekhawat kicked off the Festival of Letters with Mahesh Dattani, the acclaimed English-language playwright famed for his provocative works, as the main guest. Dubbed Asiaās grandest literary gathering, the Sahitya Akademi took place over six days under the āIndian Literary Traditionsā theme.
The 2025 Festival of Letters showcased a sweeping range of voices ā young writers, women writers, Dalit authors from marginalized castes, Northeast Indian scribes, tribal poets, and LGBTQ poets ā cementing its reputation as a literary kaleidoscope.
Kalki Subramaniam, a leading transgender rights activist and author, on March 9 chaired a literary session titled āDiscussion on Literary Works of LGBTQ Writers in the 21st Century,ā which spotlighted contemporary queer voices.
āIt was enriching to listen to the profound thoughts of LGBT writers from various parts of the country in their speeches,ā said Subramaniam. āThe session was particularly memorable with the participation of A. Revathi Amma from Tamil Nadu, Reshma Prasad from Bihar, Sanjana Simon from New Delhi, and Devika Devendra Manglamukhi and Shivin from Uttar Pradesh and Aksaya K Rath from Orissa.ā
Subramaniam discussed how global politics shape gender rights and the persistent erasure of trans identity, urging a unified push for solidarity within the LGBTQ community. She stressed the vital need to elevate queer works and writers, casting their voices as essential to the literary vanguard.
āIt was a pleasure to meet great writers from around the country in the festival as well as meet my writer activist friends Sajana Simon and Revathi Amma after a long time,ā said Subramaniam.

The government on March 12, 1954, formally established the Sahitya Akademi. A government resolution outlined its mission as a national entity tasked with advancing Indian literature and upholding rigorous literary standards; a mandate it has pursued for seven decades.
The Sahitya Akademi in 2018 broke ground in Kolkata, hosting the countryās first exclusive gathering of trans writers, a landmark nod to queer voices in Indian literature.
Hoshang Dinshaw Merchant, Indiaās pioneering openly gay poet and a leading voice in the nationās gay liberation movement, on March 9 recited a poem at the Festival of Letters, his verses carrying the weight of his decades-long quest for queer recognition. He later thanked the sessionās chair for welcoming the community, a gesture that underscored the eventās third day embrace of diverse voices.
The Sahitya Akademi in 2024 honored K. Vaishali with the Yuva Puraskar for her memoir āHomeless: Growing Up Lesbian and Dyslexic in India,ā a raw account of navigating queerness and neurodivergence.Ā Vaishali in a post-win interview reflected on Indiaās deep-seated conservatism around sexuality, noting she wrote from a place of relative safety ā an upper-caste privilege that shielded her as she bared her truth. The award, she said, was the Akademiās indelible seal on her lived experience, a validation no one could challenge.
The Sahitya Akademiās inclusion of LGBTQ writers in its main program this year jars with the Bharatiya Janata Party-led governmentās conservative stance, which, in 2023, opposed same-sex marriage in the Supreme Court, arguing it erodes Indian family values. Yet, under Shekhawat, the Sahitya Akademiās spotlight on queer voices at the Rabindra Bhavan suggests it could be a tentative crack in a regime typically rooted in tradition.
The Festival of Letters hosted a translatorsā meeting on March 10, spotlighting P. Vimalaās 2024 award-winning Tamil translation of Nalini Jameelaās āAutobiography of a Sex Worker,ā a work steeped in marginalized voices that include queer perspectives.
This platform gained significant support from the BJP-led government, with Shekhawat securing a 15 percent budget increase to ā¹47 crore ($5.63 million) in 2024. In Tamil Nadu state, however, Dravida Munnetra Kazhagamās Chief Minister Muthuvel Karunanidhi Stalin, has long opposed such cross-linguistic efforts, fearing dilution of Tamil identity amid decades of anti-Hindi sentiment ā a tension the Sahitya Akademiās inclusive showcase sought to bypass.
āThe Akademi is very inclusive and has a friendly festival ambience,ā Subramaniam told the Washington Blade.