Opinions
In the beginning there was only Frank Kameny
Join us on Nov. 11 to honor all LGBT veterans

A memorial headstone honoring Frank Kameny is slated to be unveiled on Veterans Day. (Photo courtesy of the Library of Congress)
One-time 9th Army PFC Frank Kameny forever resented having to lie about his homosexuality in order to fight for his country during WWII, if not as much as being later fired from his civilian job as an astronomer for the Army Map Service for being gay, and the Supreme Court’s refusal to grant review of his brief challenging his dismissal in which he cited his service. As many know, that led to his politicization and rebirth in 1961 as the expectant father of the modern militant gay rights movement.
Less remembered today than his ensuing many victories including convincing the American Psychiatric Association to declassify homosexuality as a mental illness, ending the federal government’s ban on gay civilian employees, and overturning D.C.’s sodomy law is Frank’s pioneering war against the ban on gays in the military. In May 1961, even before co-founding the Mattachine Society of Washington (MSW) that August (whose goals included ending the ban), he addressed such discrimination in a letter to President John F. Kennedy. “You yourself [recently said], ‘that [people] desire to develop their own personalities and their own potentials, that democracy permits them to do so.’ I do not feel that it is expecting too much to ask that governmental practice be in accord with administration verbiage.”
But meetings at the Pentagon in 1962 and with Selective Service in 1963 saw no change. So, in April 1965, MSW’s first picket of the White House included signs protesting the ban —“HOMOSEXUALS DIED FOR THEIR COUNTRY TOO” — and later that summer Frank led a picket at the Pentagon itself. That year the Navy alone kicked out at least 1,365 gays — some 100 more than all the branches kicked out in the worst year under “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell.” He led another Pentagon protest in 1966 as part of the first nationally coordinated gay rights protests before boarding a plane to lead a protest in New York City. By that time, he was the leading source of help for gay service members trying to avoid being kicked out or at least be granted an Honorable Discharge characterization. Back then, gay military cases were one area the ACLU still wouldn’t touch, having declared that homosexuality was a genuine cause of concern for the military.
Frank represented multiple individuals as a paralegal or expert witness, advised hundreds more by telephone, and publicly exposed witch hunts such as those for lesbians in 1968 at Fort Meyer, Va. (today Joint Base Myer-Henderson Hall), and former Fort Ritchie, Md., saving some from the “vicious, degrading, humiliating interrogations by perverted men getting their ‘kicks’ out of prying into the sex lives of Army women.” But his biggest coup wouldn’t come for a decade after announcing in 1964 that he was looking for a “perfect test case” to challenge the ban. On April 8, 1974, he got a telephone call from TSgt. Leonard Matlovich, a veteran of three tours of Vietnam and recipient of the Bronze Star and Purple Heart, who’d read a recent interview with Frank in the Air Force Times. After months of further calls and in-person strategy meetings with Frank and attorney David Addlestone (working for the now-enlightened ACLU) Leonard purposely outed himself in March 1975, resulting in shocking the public through unprecedented international media attention, most famously on the cover of Time magazine.
Outside his discharge hearing, Leonard told reporters, “Maybe not in my lifetime, but we are going to win in the end.” While the ban remained intact, his courage helped many gays in and out of the military accept themselves, and resulted in a new policy mandating Honorable Discharge characterizations in most instances—20 years after Frank first wrote President Kennedy. Leonard died in 1988, and was buried in Congressional Cemetery after services featuring an Air Force Honor Guard. Frank, who had led the unprecedented red, white, blue, and rainbow-flagged cortege through Washington’s streets and the horse-drawn caisson bearing his body to the cemetery, told reporters: “The Air Force finally did it right and on Leonard’s terms today. It’s a pity that they didn’t do it 13 years ago.”
Frank got his last wish, expressed at a 2009 “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” protest — that he live long enough to see the fight he’d started nearly half a century before won. He died in October 2011, a month after repeal implementation. Here’s how far we’ve come: Closeted PFC Frank Kameny received his basic training at Fort Benning, Ga., in the fall of 1943. At 11 a.m. on Sunday, Nov. 8, out gay Brigadier General Tammy Smith will become the commanding general of Fort Benning’s 98th Training Division.
At 11 a.m. on Veterans Day, Wednesday, Nov. 11, please join us in Congressional Cemetery to honor all LGBT veterans, particularly those on whose shoulders we stand: Frank Kameny and Leonard Matlovich.

Frank Kameny (Washington Blade file photo by Michael Key)
Michael Bedwell is a longtime D.C.-based LGBT rights activist.
Opinions
Protecting D.C.’s promise: why Kenyan McDuffie deserves our support
Former Council member is longtime ally
For generations, LGBTQ+ people have come to DC searching for something simple: the freedom to love who they love. I was one of them.
Washington, D.C., is the gayest city in the world. This didn’t happen by accident; It’s the result of generations of organizing, advocacy, and leadership from elected officials who championed the movement for equality, a movement that drew people like me to this city in search of safety and acceptance.
Now, as we approach the June 16 mayoral primary, the LGBTQ+ community will play a decisive role in shaping the city’s future. I believe the candidate our community should rally behind is Kenyan McDuffie, a longtime ally with a proven track record.
Kenyan’s relationship with the LGBTQ+ community began long before it was politically fashionable. In 2012, when he ran for the Ward 5 D.C. Council seat, he sought and earned the support of the Gertrude Stein Democratic Club, the city’s largest LGBTQ+ political organization. At a time before marriage equality was the law of the land, Kenyan stood with us and went on to support the banning of conversion therapy.
But what has always stood out to me about Kenyan’s leadership is his willingness to tackle issues head-on that deeply impact queer families and young people.
As someone who was recently engaged and is currently navigating pathways to parenthood, I was moved by Kenyan’s leadership to modernize D.C.’s outdated surrogacy laws. For more than two decades, the District criminalized surrogacy agreements, threatening families with fines of up to $10,000 and even jail time. Kenyan helped lead the effort to repeal that law, opening a legal pathway for LGBTQ+ couples and others to build families through surrogacy. Thanks to advances in medicine and policy changes like this one, more LGBTQ+ families are now able to pursue parenthood.
Kenyan has also been a champion for some of the most vulnerable members of our community: LGBTQ+ young people experiencing homelessness. In DC, LGBTQ+ youth represent nearly 40 percent of the city’s homeless youth population. Early in his time on the Council, Kenyan worked with fellow members to dedicate housing beds for LGBTQ+ youth and to strengthen the capacity of the Mayor’s Office of LGBTQ+ Affairs to support community programs. Those investments helped ensure that young people facing rejection or instability had a safer place to turn.
Leadership like this matters, especially as our city faces unprecedented challenges. In addition to being a champion for our community, the next mayor will need to navigate threats from the federal government, a massive reduction of the federal workforce of over 20,000 jobs, an unprecedented wave of restaurant closures, and year-after-year billion-dollar budget shortfalls.
Today, our city needs a leader whose values never waver and who has delivered real results for all our neighbors. Kenyan McDuffie has shown that kind of leadership throughout his public service career.
D.C. has always been a safe haven for the queer and trans community seeking opportunity, safety, and belonging. That promise is worth protecting and ensuring the next generation can find the same refuge and opportunity we have.
As voters prepare to make an important choice about the city’s future, I believe Kenyan McDuffie is the leader best prepared to carry that promise forward.
That’s why I’m proud to join him and countless others in launching the Out for Kenyan coalition this Thursday, March 26, at Number Nine.
Cesar Toledo is a first-generation queer Latino and an Out Magazine Out100 honoree who has spent over a decade advancing LGBTQ+ equality, equity, and social justice.
There is no question that Jesse Louis Jackson, Sr. had a significant impact on the civil rights movement, Democratic Party politics and D.C.’s struggle for statehood. After I heard of his death, I took some time to reflect on how our lives had intersected although I met him only once in person.
During the 1970s, sickle cell disease was a celebrated cause in the African-American community. Rev. Jackson was in the vanguard of that advocacy because he had the sickle cell trait. My mother had sickle cell disease and I have the trait. I responded to Rev. Jackson’s exhortation to be involved with fighting the disease and was blessed to have worked for seven years at the Howard University Center for Sickle Disease in its community outreach program.
In 1983, the March on Washington for Jobs, Peace & Freedom was held to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the 1963 March on Washington. Local organizing committees called Coalitions of Conscience were formed to get people involved with the march. I attended the first meeting in D.C. and introduced a resolution that the 20th anniversary program held on the National Mall include a speaker representing the LGBT community. The resolution passed unanimously but the response from the chief organizer of the march, Rev. Walter Fauntroy, was that no such speaker would be permitted. Fauntroy was also the District of Columbia delegate to Congress. Three days before the march, four gay men – all D.C. residents, three of whom were Black – went to meet with Del. Fauntroy to discuss his opposition to having a LGBT speaker on the day of the march. He refused to meet with them and had them arrested. I was one of those arrested.
Our arrests made local and national news. While we were in jail, a conference call was held consisting of representatives of most of the major national civil rights leaders in the nation to discuss having an LGBT speaker at the march. Among those on that call were Coretta Scott King, Ralph Abernathy, Mayor Marion Barry, Dorothy Height; Reverends Joseph Lowery, Walter Fauntroy and Jesse Jackson. The decision was made to give three minutes to a speaker representing the LGBT community. The speaker was Audre Lorde, the African-American lesbian writer, poet, professor and civil rights activist. Jesse Jackson’s presence on that call was critical to her being chosen as a speaker.
In 1984, I was a volunteer in the Jesse Jackson for president campaign in his quest for the Democratic Party nomination. I, along with dozens of volunteers, boarded the bus that left from Union Temple Baptist Church to journey to Alabama to campaign for Rev. Jackson in that state’s primary. My involvement with Jackson’s D.C. campaign led me to visit the Players Lounge for the first time in order to get signatures for Jackson’s D.C. presidential delegate slate and to do voter registration.
Jackson did not win the Democratic presidential nomination in either his 1984 or 1988 campaigns. But his efforts along with Congresswoman Shirley Chisolm’s and Rev. Al Sharpton’s presidential campaigns paved the way for Barack Obama’s historic nomination and victory for president in 2008.
In 1990, Jesse Jackson was elected to be one of D.C.’s United States Senators or what is known as a “shadow senator.” He made it clear that D.C.’s struggle for statehood is not just a political issue but a salient civil and human rights issue. His involvement helped make D.C. statehood a national issue.
I cannot remember the exact year that I finally met Jesse Jackson in person but it was around the turn of the millennium. There was an event taking place in the Panorama Room at Our Lady of Perpetual Help Roman Catholic Church. Rev. Jackson was standing alone on the hill taking in the breathtaking view of D.C. I walked over, introduced myself and thanked him for what he had done for the D.C. statehood, LGBT rights, and the Democratic Party. Even though he was a major celebrity he gave me a hug as if we were longtime friends. It was a brief conversation but we both agreed to keep praying for a cure for sickle cell disease. That hope is still being kept alive.
Philip Pannell is a longtime Ward 8 community activist. Reach him at [email protected].
When we’re out with friends, we ask a question that sometimes surprises people: Are you on PrEP?
PrEP is a medication that reduces the risk of getting HIV by about 99 percent when taken as prescribed. We’re both on it. And we both talk about it openly because too many people in our communities still haven’t heard of it, can’t access it, or have been made to feel like asking for it says something about who they are.
It doesn’t. Taking PrEP is about taking control of your health. It’s that simple.
But getting there wasn’t simple for either of us. Our paths to PrEP looked different.
Del. Martinez learned this firsthand. When he asked his primary care doctor about PrEP, the response wasn’t medical — it was judgment. Instead of a prescription, he got a lecture. He had to leave Maryland entirely and go to Whitman-Walker in D.C. just to get basic preventive care. He serves on the Health Committee and sits on the public health subcommittee. Even he couldn’t access HIV prevention in his own state. That reality was soul-crushing, not just for him, but because he immediately thought about every person in his community who doesn’t have the resources to find another way.
Phillip came to PrEP through his work at FreeState Justice, where he was learning about HIV transmission rates and the gap in PrEP access for queer people of color. Black Marylanders account for 65 percent of new HIV diagnoses but only about 35 percent of PrEP users. Latino Marylanders account for nearly 19 percent of new diagnoses but fewer than 8 percent of PrEP users.
Seeing those numbers, he had to ask himself why he wasn’t on it. When he walked into Chase Brexton’s HIV Prevention clinic in Baltimore, the experience was easy and affirming, exactly what it should be for everyone. No judgment, just care. That’s the kind of experience every Marylander deserves.
A proposed bill would make it the standard in Maryland. HB 1114 would let people walk into their neighborhood pharmacy and access PrEP without waiting months for a doctor’s appointment, remove insurance barriers that slow things down, and connect them to ongoing care.
Our stories are not unusual. When we talk to friends about PrEP — and we do, regularly — we hear the same things. People who didn’t know about it. People who tried and gave up. People who assumed it wasn’t for them. People who couldn’t afford it or couldn’t find a provider. There’s still misinformation out there, and there’s still stigma. Among women in Maryland, most new HIV diagnoses come from heterosexual contact, but PrEP is still rarely part of the conversation from their doctors.
When we talk to our friends about PrEP, we lead with honesty. Here’s what it does, here’s what it costs, here’s where to go. We talk about the different options: daily pills or long-acting shots. Generic options are available, and in many cases, free. If you’re sexually active, it might be right for you. It’s not a morality question. It’s a health question.
We try to make it feel approachable, because it should be. We answer every question, because sometimes we’re the first person someone has had this conversation with. It’s a conversation between people who trust each other. And it works, but it can only go so far when the system itself is still in the way.
We have the medical tools to virtually end new HIV transmissions. What we need now are the policies to make sure everyone can reach them. At a time when the future of federal HIV prevention programs is under attack, Maryland has both the opportunity and the responsibility to lead.
We’re asking our friends to take charge of their health. We’re asking Maryland to make it possible.
If PrEP sounds right for you, talk to your provider. If you know someone who could benefit, share what you know. And if you want to see Maryland get this right, tell your legislators to support HB 1114.
State Del. Ashanti Martinez represents District 22 in Prince George’s County in the Maryland House of Delegates, where he serves as Majority Whip and sits on the Health Committee. Phillip Westry is the executive director of FreeState Justice, Maryland’s statewide LGBTQ+ advocacy organization.
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